The Internal Revenue Service's February 2025 update to its Cost Segregation Audit Techniques Guide has created new compliance challenges for residential real estate investors, with industry professionals reporting increased IRS scrutiny of depreciation classifications that were previously accepted. The revised guide places greater emphasis on the 2012 Amerisouth tax court ruling, which the IRS won after the taxpayer stopped responding during litigation, leading examiners to more frequently challenge reclassifications of items like sinks and kitchen cabinetry in residential properties.
Brian Kiczula, founder of CostSegRx and a member of the American Society of Cost Segregation Professionals, notes that while certain items can still be reclassified with proper documentation, determinations must now be made at the individual property level rather than through blanket estimates. This distinction has become more critical following the permanent establishment of 100% bonus depreciation under the One Big Beautiful Bill for property acquired after January 19, 2025, which has driven increased investor interest in cost segregation strategies.
The compliance landscape varies significantly among service providers, with engineering-based studies that review specific properties and assets representing the defensible standard described in the ATG. In contrast, modeling approaches that estimate depreciation by property type and do-it-yourself online tools that generate instant reports without professional review may not withstand IRS examination. Kiczula advises investors to be cautious of services offering instant online reports without accessible professional support.
For investors who acquired property in 2022 through 2024, look-back studies remain available to capture missed depreciation opportunities. Additionally, renovation projects and capital improvements may qualify for separate capital expenditure studies, an often-overlooked category according to industry experts. The process at CostSegRx begins with complimentary benefit estimates reviewed individually for each property, accompanied by video walkthroughs and recommendations to consult with tax professionals before proceeding.
While the ATG does not constitute law, it serves as a roadmap for how IRS examiners evaluate cost segregation studies. Investors who understand this distinction and work with providers who recognize the difference between guidance and regulation position themselves more favorably regardless of future IRS examination priorities. The evolving guidance highlights the importance of property-specific analysis and documentation as the IRS increases focus on residential cost segregation practices.
